Relative clauses pdf quiz relative clauses worksheet relative clauses pdf exercises defining and. There are defining and non defining relative sentences. In some of the sentences, you can leave off the relative pronoun. A clause of this kind is essential to the clear understanding of the noun. Thank you for your letter, which i was very happy to get. Remember that the defining clause is not separated from the rest of the sentence by a comma. Our students can practise relative clauses defining and non defining with this exercise. Non defining relative clauses are not used in spoken english.
It is not essential information to understand the sentence. Nondefining relative pronouns exercise three things about nondefining relative clauses. However, sometimes a relative clause is so important that the main sentence will be difficult to understand or have no meaning without it. Complete the following sentences using have caught him. Defining and non defining relative clauses defining relative clauses introduce essential information to identify people, things or places. Nondefining relative clauses non defining clauses add extra information. Fill in the following sentences with the appropriate relative pronoun. Nondefining relative clauses are not used in spoken english.
Relative clauses in english exercises advanced level esl. B combine each pair of sentences with a relative clause. A defining relative clause also called identifying relative clauses or restrictive relative clauses gives essential information about the noun or noun phrase it modifies, the purpose of a defining relative clause is to clearly define who or what we are talking about. They can act as the subject or the object of the relative clause. A relative clause is an added part in a sentence that is used in relation to the main sentence. A defining relative clauses give essential information to the person or thing we are talking about. Exercise 1 defining relative clauses solutions oxford. Combine the sentences using defining relative pronouns. We use nondefining relative clauses to give extra information about the person or thing. Rewrite the sentences so that they have the same meaning as the original. We only do this in defining relative clauses, and when the relative pronoun is the object of the verb. Defining and nondefining relative clauses who, whom, whose, which, that. Practice on the defining and nondefining relative clauses. That cannot be used and even though there is a pronoun in the relative clause which cannot be left out because in nondefining relative clauses the pronoun can never be left out.
We dont need a relative pronoun, because the first word in the relative clause is not a verb. Without this information, it would be difficult to know who or what is meant. It tells us more about someone or something, but do not define it. Whothat for people the book which that i read is very interesting which that for things thats the university where i studied.
Defining relative clauses give us essential information information that tells us who or what we are talking about. We can use exactly the same relative pronouns in defining and non defining relative. Relative pronouns relative pronouns are the words that introduce relative clauses. If it is possible to omit the relative pronoun, write it in brackets. The sentence in italics should become the relative clause. Defining relative pronouns exercise people that who whom owners whose things that which places where when the relative pronoun is an object, it can be omitted except with whose and where. School of english defining and nondefining relative clauses exercise school of english oficines centrals. Exercise school of english defining and nondefining relative. Nondefining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. Defining relative clauses exercise 1 make one sentence from the two short ones. Relative clauses are always in the middle of a sentence. Defining restrictive clauses should never be set off with commas and non defining nonrestrictive clauses always should.
There are two types of relative clauses, defining and nondefining. Make one sentence by changing the sentence in italics into a defining relative clause. When the relative pronoun is an object, it can be omitted except with whose and where. Exercise school of english defining and nondefining. Relative pronouns and clauses in english grammar exercises. Defining and nondefining relative clauses intermediate. A nondefining relative clause also called nonidentifying relative clauses or nonrestrictive relative clauses provide interesting additional information which is not essential to understanding the meaning of the sentence. Defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way as to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. We could miss out the relative and the meaning would still be clear. Relative pronouns relative pronouns introduce relative clauses. They are seperated by commas in writing, and by a pause on either side.
Our students can practise relative clauses defining and nondefining with this exercise. In this sentence we are talking about all gorillas, not just some of them. The relative clause is closed off by commas and is quite similar to information in brackets. To understand the distinctions between that and which it is necessary to understand defining restrictive and nondefining nonrestrictive clauses learning these distinctions is one technical aspect of grammar that every user of english should understand, because it is at the root of an assortment of grammatical errors. As the name suggests, defining relative clauses give essential information to define or identify the person or thing we are talking about. The apple which george lay on the table was put back into the basket. As the name suggests, non defining relative clauses tell us more about someone or something, but the information in these clauses does not help us to define what we are talking about. School of english defining and non defining relative clauses exercise school of english oficines centrals.
James bond, who is a famous spy, was created by the writer ian fleming. As the name suggests, nondefining relative clauses tell us more about someone or something, but the information in these clauses does not help us to define what we are talking about. Defining and nondefining relative clauses defining relative clauses introduce essential information to identify people, things or places. Defining and nondefining relative clauses we use relative clauses to give additional information.
If the defining relative clause were removed from the sentence, the sentence would still be gramatically correct, but its meaning would have changed significantly. The boy who won the prize was really happy about it. Exercises with answers and grammar rules with examples. Give information that is necessary for the full meaning of the sentence.
Nondefining relative clauses oraciones subordinadas. We dont need it to understand who or what is being referred to. In this sentence we understand that there are many dogs in the world, but we are only talking about the ones that like cats. Diagonal 26, 1r 1a 0006 arcelona edifici indsor, entre ia augusta i rambla catalunya seu 1 via ugusta 6 s. Defining relative clauses give us essential information information that tells us. Mr brown, whom we studied english with, is a very nice. Defining and nondefining relative clauses practice bachillerato 2 1 defining relative clauses 1 join these sentences using a relative clause.
The pronoun cannot be left out because it is the subject of the relative clause. Relative clauses defining and nondefining that, which. Here you will find many relative clauses english grammar exercises at all levels so you can practice and improve your knowledge of relative clauses. Relative clauses defining relative clauses grammar. Non defining relative pronouns exercise three things about non defining relative clauses. Without this information, it would be difficult to know who or. Students solutions intermediate grammar exercise 2 nondefining relative clauses. Note that defining restrictive and non defining nonrestrictive clauses must be introduced by the appropriate relative pronoun who, which, that, whose. Exercise 4 relative pronouns exercise 5 relative adverbs defining nondefining exercise 1 relative clauses defining or non defining. Defining clauses specifydefine which personthinganimal is meant. Students solutions intermediate grammar exercise 1 defining relative clauses. We dont leave out the relative pronoun when it is the. That cannot be used and even though there is a pronoun in the relative clause which cannot be left out because in non defining relative clauses the pronoun can never be left out.
Object pronouns can be dropped in defining relative clauses, which are then called contact clauses. Defining relative clauses are composed of a relative pronoun sometimes omitted, a verb, and optional other elements such as the subject or object of the verb. Here we need the relative pronoun which, because it is a nondefining relative clause and the first word after the pronoun is a verb. Non defining relative clauses non defining clauses add extra information. Exercise 4 relative pronouns exercise 5 relative adverbs defining nondefining exercise 1relative clauses defining or nondefining. Relative clauses defining and nondefining test english. Non defining relative clauses defining relative clauses these describe the preceding noun in such a way to distinguish it from other nouns of the same class. Gorillas, which are large and originate in africa, can sometimes be found in zoos. I know an exciting place you and your boyfriend can go on holidays. Defining clauses defining clauses specifydefine which personthinganimal is meant. In the grammar chart below, you can see the main differences between them. Defining and no defining relative clauses pdf exercises. Defining relative clauses 1 in pdf here defining relative clauses 2 in pdf here defining relative clauses 3 in pdf here defining relative clauses 4 in pdf here go to the main relative clauses explanation page here.
If the relative pronoun is not followed by a verb but by a noun or pronoun, the relative pronoun is an object pronoun. Relative clauses give us information about the person or thing mentioned. Nondefining clauses nonrestrictive clauses we use nondefining relative clauses to give extra information about the person or thing. Heres a list of all the relative clause exercises on the site. A clause of this kind is essential to clear understanding of the noun. Defining and nondefinining relative clauses exercises pdf. Relative pronouns english grammar today cambridge dictionary. The relative pronoun is the subject of the relative clause. The relative pronoun can be the subject or the object of the relative clause. Students solutions intermediate grammar exercise 2 non defining relative clauses.
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